What purpose did the UN Food Systems Summit Serve if about 200,000 people have died of hunger since it ended?

About 200,000 people have died of hunger worldwide since the much-heralded United Nations Food Systems Summit concluded two weeks ago. Oxfam estimates that 11 people are likely dying every minute from acute hunger — or an estimated 15,840 people every day. Another 720 and 811 million people — primarily women and children — do not have enough to eat, out of which 234 million are in sub-Saharan Africa. However, it appears unlikely that this unfortunate trend will be halted any time soon, given the meager funding commitments to emerge from the event.

These deaths and hunger figures should not be viewed as just another statistic. They represent real people who died of starvation. 200,000 is about 5 times the number of people that can fit into the largest sports stadium in Ghana, the Babayara Sports Stadium. Family members cried when they died. Friends wailed in pain when they gasped their last breath. And I’m certain these loved ones couldn’t help but tell themselves, “It’s only a matter of time before I meet this same miserable, undignified fate.”

It would have been highly naive for anyone to think that the Food Systems Summit was going to fix this problem with two days of talks. But most people had some expectations that the talks would produce concrete commitments to move the world toward the zero hunger by 2030 target of Sustainable Development Goal 2.

This was not only the expectation, but the promise of United Nations staff and government leaders who spent 18 months planning an event billed as “the people’s summit.” We were told the summit would deliver new, bold initiatives to end world hunger and shape a food system fit for the future.

Over 900 independent dialogues were held to solicit ideas for the summit, plus hundreds more national and international dialogues. About 200 government leaders, including heads of states and representatives of non-governmental organizations, spoke over two days at the virtual summit. Some 51,000 people from 193 countries tuned in to participate. They had expectation that the summit would come up with policy measures to ensure a healthier, greener and more fair food system for all, as well as a plan for funding these policies. The summit met almost all these deliverables, except the most important one — funding. Very little was heard about financial commitments although we all know that without money, grand ideas are just paper airplanes in the sky. They will fall within minutes without carrying anyone from one location to the other.

We can’t commit to ensuring access to safe and nutritious foods without funding. We can’t shift to healthy and sustainable consumption patterns without money. We can’t boost nature-positive foods without capital. We can’t advance equitable livelihoods and build resilience to vulnerabilities without finances. But I couldn’t help but note the deafening silence on monetary commitments while listening to summit speeches. So, I decided to dig further, and spent a weekend combing through the commitment registry of the summit, which has recorded more than 230 action pledges.

I will single out a few for commendation because their commitments sounded like the kind of meaningful promises that we can all work with going into the future. GAIN vowed to “invest at least $250 million by 2025 in measures to tackle poor diets in Africa and Asia, working with national governments and partners.” World Vision International says it will “mobilize US$1.2 billion between 2021 and 2025 for nutrition interventions,” which will include $500 million in private funding and $700 million grant funding.

US Secretary of Agriculture Tom Vilsack reiterated a pledge by President Joe Biden that the US government “will invest $10 billion over the next five years to address these priorities — including with historic investments to build back better in the face of the climate crisis and economic disruptions from COVID-19.” And then Melinda Gates, on behalf of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, announced “a commitment of US$922 million over the next five years to address global nutrition.”

But African leaders said almost nothing about funding. The African continent is home to about one-third of the world’s total publication of hungry people. Persistent droughts, famine, locusts, fall armyworm (FAW), civil conflicts and, more recently, the COVID-19 pandemic are impeding the continent’s progress in overcoming the challenges faced in meeting its goals. But the African Common Position to the summit delivered by the African Union Commission said nothing about funding. The 2003 Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Development Programme (CAADP) which was adopted by African leaders in Maputo - Mozambique committed governments to investing at least 10% of public spending in agriculture. A lot of countries on the continent have not met this but nothing was said about renewed commitments to meet this.

The statements from President Nana Akufo-Addo from Ghana, Paul Kagame and other leaders were brilliant. They said a lot about concretizing investments and adapting innovative technologies, as well as ensuring equitable investments in climate-smart agriculture, but offered almost zero financial commitments.

Even private sector entities, industry actors and development banks shied away from the subject of money in their commitments to the Food Systems Summit. A pledge to fund problem solving ideas means nothing unless the funding is released. And a bunch of commitments to implement new ideas without funding creates a more likely scenario that the problem will remain unsolved.

Joachim von Braun, chair of the Food Systems Summit Scientific Group, was among the first speakers at the summit, noting that “science and modelling show that the world can come close to ending hunger by 2030 if $40 billion to $50 billion is invested in food systems every year.” That figure is almost equivalent to the US$51 billion invested in military spending globally last year, according to an Oxfam International report on global hunger published by in July. Despite von Braun’s disclosure, very little attention was paid to funding.

When I wrote about the summit a few months ago, I called it an extraordinary summit, different from all the others that had been held before it. Though it looks like my initial hopes for the Summit were inflated, I remain optimistic that we can remedy the very real and human problem of world hunger. Admittedly, last month’s event wasn’t an agricultural financing summit. But throughout my life, I’ve yet to see any bold plan successfully implemented when it is rolled out without financing. As we’ve been saying 2030 is just nine harvests away. We must act now to fund the plans and promises or we will never have the opportunity to fix what we didn’t get right.

The authour Joseph Opoku Gakpo is a Ghanaian based agricultural journalist with Joy News TV, Joy FM and www.myjoyonline.com, where he is head of the Environment and Agricultural Desk. He is also a Global Leadership Fellow with Alliance for Science, a science-communication initiative based at Cornell University in USA. He is winner of the 2018 International Federation of Agricultural Journalists’ (IFAJ’s) Star Prize Award for Best Broadcast Video. On Twitter @josephopoku1990