Restoring Chamber Decorum: Why Unparliamentary Conduct and Disrespect to the Chair Threaten Ghana’s Legislative Integrity

Plenary proceedings in Ghana’s Parliament have increasingly degenerated from robust intellectual debates into toxic arenas of structural insubordination, partisan aggression, and routine defiance of the Chair. When a legislative leader chooses to aggressively confront presiding officers, hurl dramatic accusations of "stampeding oversight," and lead mass walkouts simply because a procedural ruling does not favor their immediate partisan agenda, it directly undermines the fragile architecture of our Fourth Republic. The recent chaotic walkout staged by the Minority caucus following First Deputy Speaker Bernard Ahiafor's decision to disallow a supplementary question regarding the state-level procurement costs of the SIM card re-registration exercise highlights a deep institutional crisis. This disruptive behavior, epitomized by the recurring combative posture and perceived procedural arrogance of Minority Leader Alexander Afenyo-Markin, demonstrates a troubling trend where parliamentary rules are treated as obstacles to be defied rather than laws to be obeyed.

For Ghana’s Parliament to effectively fulfill its oversight mandate, lawmakers must understand that the Standing Orders are not flexible tools for political theater—they are the supreme, binding bylaws designed to preserve state order, civic decorum, and constitutional sanity.

1. The Anatomy of Insubordination: Deconstructing the SIM Registration Conflict

The friction that triggered the mass parliamentary walkout exposes how procedural boundary lines are routinely manipulated for political grandstanding on the floor:

• The Legislative Context: Communications Minister Samuel Nartey George was summoned to the plenary floor to answer fundamental questions about the structural parameters of the nation's proposed SIM card re-registration exercise.
• The Disallowed Supplementary Question: Minority Leader Alexander Afenyo-Markin attempted to pivot the floor's attention to intense financial and procurement inquiries regarding the specific expenditure burden the exercise would place on the state's public purse.
• The Procedural Ruling: First Deputy Speaker Bernard Ahiafor immediately disallowed the follow-up question, delivering a strict procedural ruling that the query explicitly strayed away from the core parameters of the original substantive question listed on the order paper.
• The Unparliamentary Reaction: Instead of seeking a formal, rule-based channel of appeal, Afenyo-Markin launched a highly public verbal assault outside the chamber, accusing the Deputy Speaker of running an "attack on our backbenchers" and using the rule book to bring Parliament to an intentional standstill.

2. The Supreme Authority of the Chair Under the Standing Orders

The core pillar of Westminster-style parliamentary governance is the absolute, non-negotiable authority of the presiding officer over plenary deliberations:

• The Legal Mandate: Under the 2024 Revised Standing Orders of the Parliament of Ghana, the Speaker—or an acting Deputy Speaker—retains full, final authority to interpret the rules of the House during live sittings.
• The Binding Nature of Rulings: When the Chair delivers a definitive procedural determination on the floor, all members, regardless of their leadership hierarchy or partisan status, are legally required to immediately bow to that authority.
• The Path for Legal Recourse: If an MP firmly believes the Chair's interpretation of a Standing Order is fundamentally flawed, the rules forbid shouting or creating chaos on the floor. The member must instead file a substantive, non-partisan incidental motion to "appeal from the decision of the Chair" to initiate an official judicial review by the House.
• The Purpose of Order 89: Order 89 strictly dictates that any supplementary or follow-up question posed to a state Minister must strictly serve to clarify an answer already provided during that specific session. Introducing entirely new lines of procurement or budget tracking under the guise of a follow-up is a clear procedural violation that the Chair is legally required to disallow.

3. Global Benchmarks: How Mature Democracies Enforce Chamber Decorum

To understand how severely unparliamentary conduct undermines governance, Ghana must look at how other global legislative bodies punish structural disrespect and defiance of the Chair:

• United Kingdom (House of Commons): Under Westminster rules, the Speaker possesses the ultimate power to "name" a Member of Parliament for grossly disorderly conduct, persistently flouting the authority of the Chair, or abusing the rules of the House. Once named, the MP is immediately suspended from the service of the House—meaning a first offense triggers an automatic 5-day ban, a second triggers a 20-day ban, and a third results in a permanent suspension for the remainder of the legislative session, paired with a complete loss of salary during the suspension period.
• Australia (Federal Parliament): The Australian House of Representatives enforces a strict "94(a) Rule". Under this standing order, if an MP displays disorderly behavior or defies the Speaker's direction, the Speaker can instantly eject the member from the chamber for one hour without a formal vote. For severe, repeated, or organized defiance (such as coordinated caucused disruptions), a formal suspension motion is voted on, carrying immediate salary deductions and a multi-day ban from entering the Parliamentary precinct.
• South Africa (National Assembly): Following years of severe chamber disruptions, South Africa revised its National Assembly Rules to enforce a zero-tolerance policy against unparliamentary behavior. If an MP ignores the presiding officer's calls to order, or uses grossly abusive language against the Chair, the Speaker can order physical removal by the Parliamentary Protection Services (the Parliamentary police). Crucially, any member physically removed is automatically suspended without pay for a period of up to 30 days for a first offense.
• United States (House of Representatives): Under the U.S. Constitution, the House has the power to discipline its own members through "Censure" or "Expulsion". A Member who shows gross disrespect to the house decorum can be formally censured via a majority house resolution. The censured member is forced to stand in the well of the House chamber while the Speaker reads the resolution of rebuke aloud, permanently staining their legislative record and stripping them of powerful committee assignments.

4. The Habitual Exploitation of Staged Walkouts

Staging a mass exit from the chamber has shifted from a rare, high-stakes constitutional lever into a routine tool utilized to evade accountability and paralyse state business:

• Weaponizing Absence: Caucuses frequently use mass walkouts as a standard tactic to express disapproval of the Chair's rulings or block a critical vote from occurring.
• The Quorum Obstruction: While Order 35 grants the Speaker the swift power to order the Marshal to physically remove a disorderly member for up to 24 hours, it is poorly designed to address synchronized, cross-aisle non-cooperation.
• Undermining Public Trust: By consistently abandoning the chamber during critical national interest debates—such as tracking state procurement costs—lawmakers abdicate the very representative oversight role they were elected by the Ghanaian people to execute.

Recommendations and Suggestions for Systemic Reform

To restore institutional sanity and insulate the legislative mace from recurring behavioral breakdowns, Parliament must implement immediate structural adjustments drawing from global standards:

1. Enforce Financial Sanctions for Staged Walkouts: The Parliamentary Service Board should introduce strict, automatic salary and allowance deductions for any member or caucus that intentionally walks out of a scheduled legislative sitting, matching financial penalties directly to hours of abandoned state oversight.
2. Adopt the UK-Style "Naming" Mechanism and Salary Suspensions: Revise the Standing Orders to allow the Speaker to automatically suspend any member who displays persistent, aggressive insubordination to the Chair. This suspension should stretch past the minor 24-hour cap to an escalating scale (5 to 30 days) accompanied by an absolute freeze on their public compensation.
3. Mandate Public, Documented Appeals Processes: Ban informal media press briefings that seek to castigate presiding officers outside the chamber. If leadership disagrees with a ruling, they must be legally compelled to submit a written, documented appeal within 48 hours to be published in the official Parliamentary Hansard.
4. Broadcast Live Behavioral Scorecards for MPs: Introduce an open-access digital tracking portal on the official Parliament website that logs the attendance, disciplinary infractions, and unparliamentary conduct citations of every MP to empower Ghanaian voters before elections.
5. Establish Compulsory Bipartisan Orientation on the 2024 Revised Orders: Mandate that all leadership ranks, including the Majority and Minority frontbenches, undergo bi-annual procedural training sessions to ensure a standardized, non-negotiable understanding of supplementary question boundaries.

A robust democracy thrives on intense debate, deep policy scrutiny, and aggressive oversight of the executive arm of government. However, when oversight is replaced by calculated incivility, procedural arrogance, and an open defiance of the Speaker’s gavel, the entire democratic experiment is compromised. The actions of Minority Leader Alexander Afenyo-Markin and the Minority caucus in staging a walkout over a standard, rule-based boundary ruling sets a hazardous precedent for our legislative architecture. The Standing Orders exist precisely to protect minority voices from being silenced, but those same rules cannot be weaponized to bring the state to a complete standstill when a decision goes against partisan interests. True parliamentary leadership requires working within the framework of the rules, showing absolute reverence to the mace, and respecting the authority of the Chair. Ghana’s Parliament must act immediately to enforce its disciplinary codes with complete neutrality, ensuring that no individual lawmaker—regardless of title or party—is allowed to abuse the floor of the House at the expense of national progress.

✍️ Retired Senior Citizen
For and on behalf of all Senior Citizens of the Republic of Ghana 🇬🇭

Teshie-Nungua
[email protected]