In Response— Africa’s Skirmishes Today, ‘Tribalism’ (or so-called ‘Xenophobia’)

If it’s not Ghana—fierce stereotyping and subtle aggression against Nigeria;

--its “Ghana bull shitting” (see Attorney Tonya) selected Repatriates with a Ghc25,000 citizenship cost, and the #34, #126, #524 Presidential Executive Order citizenship selections (no cost, no DNA required …) and practically no political rights.

Let’s not forget Ghana’s ongoing internal conflicts, i.e., Bawku, Northern Ghana.

Including Nigeria belligerence towards Ghana.

At one time South Africa –against Nigeria.

Now, its South Africa assaultive towards Ghana.

Cycles of power struggles, self-hate, and poverty-mindedness … including selective amnesia—ethnic groups forget those they attacked in the past???

Such anti-Pan Africanism has revealed African nation’s, more so certain chieftaincies (and government officials’) characters and ethics (or lack of) and not just recently, but for many years, even before the arrival of the white/European slave traders and colonialists, which they eventually used to conflicts or instigated the skirmishes for their benefit.

African ethnic group --conflicts across the African continent, and “relocation” of ethnic group members is not really a conflict resolution, it’s just basically placing a Band-Aid on a gaping wound.

African history also tells of Pan Africanism –especially the Fifth Pan African Congress members, which helped African nations gain independence from white/European colonialists, and yet, it’s absent from curriculums-- dismissed or ignored, and not taught in Ghana or many other African nation’s schools.

--Be it ‘Tribalism’ or ‘Xenophobia’ neither are about Pan Africanism, nor about African-Centered Education nor Nation-building.

To be understood and taught—

Blacks/Africans on the continent of Africa, are not foreigners to Africa; and ‘Ascendants of Africans who were stolen from Africa (‘Repatriates’) are not immigrants nor aliens to the African Continent.

As African, let’s not get it twisted, and get caught up in Eurocentric thought, which is not applicable to African Nationalism, ‘Afri-centricity’, or ‘Afri’ People.

All Black people are from Africa (see—a ‘Concept of Blackness’, which is not a Crayola Crayon, but Black Ourstory/history, culture and science).

Although, inside the African continent are Europeans’ Berlin Conference borders, which are still being maintained by the Eurocentric indoctrinated, the miseducated, undereducated and uneducated, including staunch ‘Tribalistic’ ethnic groups, many of whom are known to and some will gather “poverty-mindedly” to attack another confused ethnic group(s), and yet loyal, trained to stay at bay and not raise a hand to struggle against—

--Neo-colonialists, Imperialists and Systematic White Supremacists

--white/Eurocentric-centered education system and/or white/European philanthropists and their European agendas

--Euro-donated books to Africa (especially Germany), when only 69 years from being out from under European colonialists—are German not aware of this???

--white/European land grabbers in Africa since their first arrivals

--EU pushing their military/drone agenda (similar to their push of The Bond of 1844)

--“Obruni used clothes” bundles (similar to the bundles of small pox blankets to the Natives of what is known today as America)

--Europeans’ --Bill Gates and W.H.O. vaccines plunged into Africa

--“human trafficking” in Africa, especially for human organs

A people of chattel slavery-- conditioned to self-hate, desperate, and miseducated, confused, impoverished and lack of self-value, therefore finding satisfaction in destroying someone that looks like one’s Black/African self.

Ultimately, self-despising and so habitually self-destructive, and when the dust settles—many African nations confused, underdeveloped, labelled ‘Third World Countries’, and racing to throw themselves in the arms of whites/Europeans to be neo-colonize and raised out of the dust, and validated by them and supposedly saved from poverty for a certain length of time.

---all by design via Eurocentric indoctrination.

President Kwame Nkrumah once said— “The Black man is capable of managing his own affairs”. This is so.

Many Blacks/Africans fail to be taught and understand or are not aware of the history of their own African Ancestors, which is long before the existence of so-called whites/Europeans and their trinkets and weaponry, long before their escape from the icy Caucasus Mountain caves and Northern Russia areas, long before the land was even given the name Europe; and long before the European colonialists’ Berlin Conference borders of 1844/45 (which Blacks/Africans were not invited/allowed to attend).

African-Centered Education (ACE) needed most urgently.

“Forward ever …”. The Pan African Movement.

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References

• Dr. Yosef ben Jochannan, ‘Black Man of the Nile and His Family’
• Dr. John G. Jackson, ‘Introduction to African Civilization’
• Kwame Nkrumah, ‘Neo-Colonialism’ The Last Stage of Imperialism
• Dr. Frances Cress-Welsing, ‘The Isis Papers: Keys to the Color’
• Haki and Dr. Safisha Madhubuti, ‘African-Centered Education: Its Value, Importance, and Necessity in the Development of Black Children
• Dr. K. Makeda Muhammad, ‘African Global Ourstory: An Introduction to African & African Diaspora Studies
• Paul L. Guthrie, ‘The Making of the Whiteman’
• Michael Bradley, ‘The Iceman Inheritance’
• Dr. James Small, YouTube Retrieved from Pan African Lifeclass, April 27, 2026, https://youtube.com/shorts/m8vD1g_JG34?si=FQ3r1hsl9ZCsy4Qk
• Journal of Childhood, Education & Society, Reconnecting and reclaiming Africentricity Applying Africentric principles and pedagogy in early learning and child care settings. Retrieved April 27, 2026, from https://www.j-ces.com/index.php/jces/article/view/648

Photo: African Warriors Skirmish. (1878). Author J. G. Wood. Retrieved April 28, 2026, from:

https://commons.wikimedia.or/wiki/File:African_Warriors_Skirmih.jpg

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Dr. K. Makeda Muhammad is a ‘Repatriate’/returnee to Africa via Ghana in 2011. Dr. Makeda’s field of study is Black Studies; she is an author, independent researcher, historian, educator, columnist, recipient of Ghana’s Education Community (EDUCOM) Award, MACPRI Helping Hands Community Award, Abibitumi & Marcus Garvey Foundation Citation. Dr. Makeda is a Pan Africanist, Africana WoManist (C. Hudson-Weems), community volunteer, and social media activist.

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