Choosing between a professional doctorate and a PhD: What’s the difference?

Recent events at Sunyani Technical University (STU) have sparked a nationwide discussion on the distinction between a PhD and a Professional Doctorate. The Pro Vice-Chancellor, Professor Justice Solomon Korantwi-Barimah, is currently embroiled in a legal controversy over claims of academic dishonesty. An alumnus of the university, Charles Addo Odokyi, has filed a lawsuit against Professor Korantwi Barimah at the Sunyani Commercial Court of the Sunyani High Court, questioning the validity of his Doctor of Technology in Human Resource from the Tshwane University of Technology in South Africa and his suitability for the role of Pro Vice-Chancellor.

This controversy highlights a critical need for Ghanaians, especially aspiring academics, to understand the fundamental differences between a PhD and a Professional Doctorate. Making an informed choice between these degrees is essential for ensuring that one’s educational path aligns with their career goals and aspirations in academia.

What is a PhD?
The Doctor of Philosophy, commonly known as a PhD, is a research-intensive degree focused on creating new knowledge through original research. PhD candidates dedicate several years to conducting in-depth research in a specific field, culminating in a dissertation that contributes new insights to that field. The PhD is traditionally seen as the gold standard for academic research, preparing graduates for careers in academia, research institutions, and other roles that require advanced research skills and scholarly expertise.

PhDs are usually pursued by individuals who aspire to become university professors, researchers or scholars. The emphasis on theory, methodology, and independent research makes the PhD the preferred degree for those who wish to contribute to academic literature, teach at the highest levels and publish in peer-reviewed journals.

What is a Professional Doctorate?
In contrast, a Professional Doctorate is designed for individuals who want to advance their careers by applying existing knowledge to practical problems in their professional fields. Examples of Professional Doctorates include the Doctor of Education (EdD), Doctor of Business Administration (DBA), and Doctor of Technology (DTech). These degrees are practice-oriented and often focus on solving real-world issues within specific industries.

Professional Doctorates are ideal for individuals who seek leadership roles, consultancy positions or expert status within their professions. Instead of a traditional dissertation, students might complete a practical project, case study, or portfolio that demonstrates their ability to apply research to solve professional challenges. The aim is not to contribute new theoretical knowledge, as with a PhD, but rather to enhance practice within a particular field.

Key Differences: Purpose, Outcomes and Career Paths

Understanding the distinction between a PhD and a Professional Doctorate is crucial, particularly for those with aspirations in academia. Here are some key differences:

Purpose: A PhD is theory-driven and focused on generating new knowledge, while a Professional Doctorate is application-driven, emphasizing the practical use of existing knowledge within a profession.

Research vs. Practice: PhDs require candidates to conduct original research that contributes to academic scholarship. Professional Doctorates, however, involve applied research, where the focus is on addressing real-world problems within a specific professional context.

Career Paths: PhD holders often pursue careers in academia, research or advanced positions in policy-making and thought leadership. Professional Doctorate holders usually aim for leadership roles within their industries, including executive positions, consultancy, or specialized expert roles.

Educational Experience: PhD programmes are heavily research-focused, with significant time devoted to literature review, methodology and data analysis. Professional Doctorates blend coursework with practical projects that directly relate to the candidate’s professional goals.

The Importance of Informed Decision-Making for Aspiring Academics

The current legal case involving Professor Korantwi Barimah underscores the importance of clarity around the distinctions between these degrees, especially within academia. While both qualifications represent significant academic achievement, they are suited to different career paths and professional objectives.

For aspiring academics, the choice between a PhD and a Professional Doctorate should be driven by one’s long-term career goals. Those who envision a future in academic research, university teaching, or scholarly publication will find the PhD more aligned with their aspirations. Conversely, individuals who wish to remain closely connected to industry practice, applying research to drive practical outcomes and innovation, may find a Professional Doctorate more appropriate.

Considerations for Aspiring Academics
Before deciding which degree to pursue, it is essential for prospective students to reflect on several key considerations:

Career Goals: Are you aiming for a career in academia, or do you see yourself in a leadership or expert role within your industry?

Interest in Research: Are you passionate about conducting original research, or are you more interested in applying research findings to practical challenges?

Field Requirements: Consider the expectations of your desired field. In some academic disciplines, a PhD is the preferred or required qualification, while in others, a Professional Doctorate may be equally respected.

Conclusion
The distinction between a PhD and a Professional Doctorate is not just academic; it has real implications for career paths and professional recognition. As the case of Professor Korantwi-Barimah illustrates, clarity about these differences is essential for those in academia and beyond. Aspiring academics in Ghana must make informed decisions that align with their professional ambitions and the requirements of their chosen fields. By carefully considering the purposes, outcomes and career implications of each degree, prospective students can better navigate their educational journeys and achieve their goals in the most effective way.

This understanding will not only help safeguard academic integrity but also ensure that individuals pursue paths that are best suited to their talents, interests and aspirations, ultimately enriching the academic and professional landscapes of Ghana.

The writer of this article, Dr. Richmond Acheampong, is a journalist, columnist, public relations expert and a journalism and media studies academic. He holds a PhD in Journalism and teaches at Christian Service University. Email: [email protected]