THE SLAVERY HOLOCAUST.
By Naiwu OsahonFeature Article | Wed, 18 Nov 2009
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Just a bit of the hell the White race has put Africans through to become leaders of the world.
Portugal initiated the European movement of international expansion after their conquest of the Moorish stronghold of Ceuta in North Africa in 1415 CE. Emboldened by their unexpected success and determined to break the Islamic monopoly of trade with Africa and Asia, the Portuguese Prince, Henry the Navigator, who apparently never went to sea, using maps supplied by Jews who had been trading in gold in Northern and Western Africa through the Sahara, began to send Portuguese expeditions down the coast of West Africa, first to trade, then to establish Portuguese holding posts. Until that time, most Whites thought the world was flat and the Portuguese also wanted to prove or disprove this.
European enslavement of Africans began in 1441 CE, when a Portuguese captain, “commissioned' by his sovereign, Prince Henry the Navigator, seized a couple of Berbers off the West Coast of the Sahara. Prince Henry used slaves to work and populate Cape Verde, Fernandi Po (now Bioko) and Sao Tome, and took others home, particularly to the region of the Tagus River. Four years later, the Portuguese were building a fort on Arguin Island, off Mauritania, to hijack the caravan of gold travelling to Morocco, and to acquire slaves. This was to fulfill the needs of southern Europe, where slavery had survived in the Roman Empire in domestic activities, and in certain pockets of intensive agriculture, such as sugar production.
Prof. John Henrik Clarke in (What Columbus did not discover), tells us that “the few Africans who reached Europe through capture, or through the Venetian and Genoan trade with the Levant and North Africa, had been mere exotics. Such individuals still appear in the modern period like the Scottish “Ladye with the meckle lippis” in Dunbar's poem, for whose favours James IV's Knights jostled; like Ibrahim Hannibal, Peter the Great's Black general, who provided the germ of the novelette by another figure of the Diaspora, Alexander Pushkin, or like the Black pages who remained fashionable among the Europeans.
“The combined Portuguese, Dutch, British, and French slave trade initiatives, which followed, “deposited Africans in Europe and its possessions in numbers which make it impossible to speak of genuine Diaspora communities in Europe. By 1551, a tenth of Lisbon's population of 100,000 was Black, and by the 1590s it had its own annual African festival. The Portuguese Blacks were in the long run unable to remain culturally and racially distinct from the general population. The same was true of the smaller Black groups in Spain and other European countries. The only real exception was Britain. After it acquired colonies in North America and the West Indies, and became heavily involved in the slave trade, it developed small but distinct communities of African descent in port towns like Bristol, Liverpool and London. Their total number may have been as high as 15,000 in the 1780s.”
Portuguese sailors reached Senegal in 1435, Cape Bojador in 1443 and Sierra Leone in 1446. In 1450, Pope Nicholas V's bull (letter) empowered Portugal to reduce to perpetual slavery, all Africans from Cape Bajador to Guinea. He quoted verses of Leviticus 25 and Exodus 21, to justify African slavery. Portugal reached Guinea in 1455, by which time, the Portuguese had become as familiar a sight as the Arabs in West Africa, trading along the coast and exchanging envoys with such powerful African monarchs as the Oba of Benin and Emperor of Mali.
By the time Portugal reached the Congo in 1481 CE, their trade in slaves and manufactured goods had expanded so much; they had to build trading forts along the coast. In 1482 CE, Portuguese Captain, Don Diego d' Azambuja, started building their most famous fort, Elimina Castle, in what is now known as Ghana. Because of the huge profits they were making in the country they called it the Gold Coast. In 1488, Bartholomew Diaz sailed to the Cape of Good Hope while another Portuguese was preparing to sail around the Cape of Good Hope.
Portugal's grab of large tracks of Western Songhai coincided with Columbus' 'discovery' of the West Indies in 1492 CE. Christopher Columbus, representing Spain, arrived in the West Indies, the supposed first European explorer to do so. In the same year, Rodrigo Borgis became Pope Alexander VI. The news of Christopher Columbus' 'discovery' was additional bad one for Africa which was experiencing serious political toilmoil at the time. Granada, the last Moorish foothold in Spain had just fallen and the Moorish exiles were returning to Africa unsung.
Strengthened by the 1450 Papal bull, authorizing Portugal to reduce to servitude all infidel people, Portugal quickly laid claim to the 'new' territories of Christopher Columbus and the rest. Spain, of course, promptly denounced Portugal's claim. According to Diop, “but with both countries being Catholic, they turned to the Pope for arbitration, a natural and logical step in an age when the Papacy claimed supremacy over individuals and governments. The Pope issued a series of Papal bulls in 1493, demarcating colonial possessions, with those in the Eastern Hemisphere going to Portugal, and the West going to Spain. The partition still did not satisfy the two parties' aspirations until 1494, when they both reached a compromise in the Treaty of Tordesillas, which rectified the Papal judgment to give Brazil's ownership to Portugal. This treaty signaled the beginning in earnest of modern European brigandage in international relations. In 1498, Vasco da Gama found the sea route to India and arrived in Calicut. In 1499, Amerigo Vespucci charted parts of the South American coast.
When Christopher Columbus first set foot in the supposed 'New World' in 1492, he provided uninformed Europeans with the erroneous myth of themselves as 'discoverers' of already discovered and well established ancient African communities, colonies and trading posts across the Atlantic. Prof. Leo Wiener (Africa and the Discovery of America) explaining the diaries of Christopher Columbus, draws attention to the fact that “Columbus found dark-skinned people in the Caribbean Islands trading with the Indians. Columbus in his diary infers that the people were from the coast of Guinea (West Africa.)”
Wiener says: “…and he (Columbus) wanted to find out what the Indians of Hispaniola had told him, that there had come to it from the south and southeast, Negro people, who brought those spear points made of a metal which they call guanine, of which he had sent to the king and queen for assaying, and which was found to have in thirty-two parts eighteen of gold, six of silver, and eight of copper.”
On Columbus' return from the third voyage to the new land he had reached, he reports the presence of Negroes there. Interesting as this is, even more telling is the account he gives, after the first voyage itself, of having received from the 'Indians,' as it pleased him to call the natives, a present of certain 'guanines.'
From the Literary Digest, May 16, 1925. “Guanine' was the native African name of the time for pebbles or slobs of gold, the form in which it was imported to Europe from the Guinea coast. Quite naturally, Columbus, on being handed these same things in America, pricked up his ears. For be it remembered that Columbus, like all the rovers before him, had as his primary object, not the discovery of land merely, but the discovery of gold, ivory, spices, and articles sellable at a profit at home.
New lands were only a happy incidence to the business. They pleased one's king, lured new investors, and made good advertising. But gold was the thing, and Columbus lost no time in asking his Indians where they kept it. Very troublesome to Columbus their reply must have been, for according to his own report, they told him, "From Black merchants that come to us from the southeast.”
John Henrik Clarke in (What Columbus did not discover) tells us that: “Columbus was informed by some men, when he stopped at one of the Cape Verde Islands off the coast of Africa, that Negroes had been known to set out into the Atlantic from the Guinea coast in canoes loaded with merchandise and steering towards the west. The same Christopher Columbus was further informed by the Indians of Hispaniola when he arrived in the West Indies that they had been able to obtain gold from Black men who had come from across the sea from the south and southeast. The dates of the accounts coincide precisely with the time that Askia the Great held sway over Songhai.”
Clarke also tells us that “American Indian legends abound with accounts of Black men who came to them from far-off lands. Aside from the report that Columbus obtained at Hispaniola, a notable tale is recorded in the Peruvian traditions. They inform us of how Black men coming from the east had been able to penetrate the Andes Mountains. “Furthermore, Indian traditions of Mexico and Central America indicate that Negroes were among the first occupants of that territory. Some Indians there yet claim descent from these same Blacks.”
Harold G. Lawrence (African Explorers of the New World, 1962) tells us: “We can now positively state that the Mandingos of Mali and Songhai Empires, and possibly other Africans, crossed the Atlantic to carry on trade with the Western Hemisphere Indians, and further succeeded in establishing colonies throughout the Americas. During the thirteenth century, Mali, the earlier of these two great empires, building on the ruins of ancient Ghana, rose to become one of the leading nations of the world… Voyages across the Atlantic were resumed, or continued during the reign of Askia.
Basil Davidson (Africans before Columbus, West African Magazine June 7, 1969) says: various writers have pointed from time to time, over the past twenty years and more, to the likely West African origins of the Black explorers who were said to have settled in Honduras.” Peter Martyr, historian of Balboa's expeditions, wrote: “Balboa in 1513, found Negroes in Panama. These were the first Negroes seen in the Indies. Balboa found them at war with the Indians and thought that they had sailed from Ethiopia."
John Henrik Clerks says: “Amerigo Vespucci, on his voyage to the Americas witnessed these same Black men out in the Atlantic returning to Africa. Fifteenth and sixteenth century Spanish explorers and early American art, legends, and burials, provide the principal sources of information on what happened to these African seamen after their arrival in the Americas. In effect, the Spanish conquistadors found dispersed all over the New World, small tribes who were from the very first considered Negroes. The largest Negro colony appears to have been a permanent settlement at Darien where Balboa saw them in 1513."
In Carter G. Woodson (The Africa Background Outlined) we learn that early European explorers on the Isthmus of Darien found caves there with skulls identified as African. Continued
Source: Naiwu Osahon
Portugal initiated the European movement of international expansion after their conquest of the Moorish stronghold of Ceuta in North Africa in 1415 CE. Emboldened by their unexpected success and determined to break the Islamic monopoly of trade with Africa and Asia, the Portuguese Prince, Henry the Navigator, who apparently never went to sea, using maps supplied by Jews who had been trading in gold in Northern and Western Africa through the Sahara, began to send Portuguese expeditions down the coast of West Africa, first to trade, then to establish Portuguese holding posts. Until that time, most Whites thought the world was flat and the Portuguese also wanted to prove or disprove this.
European enslavement of Africans began in 1441 CE, when a Portuguese captain, “commissioned' by his sovereign, Prince Henry the Navigator, seized a couple of Berbers off the West Coast of the Sahara. Prince Henry used slaves to work and populate Cape Verde, Fernandi Po (now Bioko) and Sao Tome, and took others home, particularly to the region of the Tagus River. Four years later, the Portuguese were building a fort on Arguin Island, off Mauritania, to hijack the caravan of gold travelling to Morocco, and to acquire slaves. This was to fulfill the needs of southern Europe, where slavery had survived in the Roman Empire in domestic activities, and in certain pockets of intensive agriculture, such as sugar production.
Prof. John Henrik Clarke in (What Columbus did not discover), tells us that “the few Africans who reached Europe through capture, or through the Venetian and Genoan trade with the Levant and North Africa, had been mere exotics. Such individuals still appear in the modern period like the Scottish “Ladye with the meckle lippis” in Dunbar's poem, for whose favours James IV's Knights jostled; like Ibrahim Hannibal, Peter the Great's Black general, who provided the germ of the novelette by another figure of the Diaspora, Alexander Pushkin, or like the Black pages who remained fashionable among the Europeans.
“The combined Portuguese, Dutch, British, and French slave trade initiatives, which followed, “deposited Africans in Europe and its possessions in numbers which make it impossible to speak of genuine Diaspora communities in Europe. By 1551, a tenth of Lisbon's population of 100,000 was Black, and by the 1590s it had its own annual African festival. The Portuguese Blacks were in the long run unable to remain culturally and racially distinct from the general population. The same was true of the smaller Black groups in Spain and other European countries. The only real exception was Britain. After it acquired colonies in North America and the West Indies, and became heavily involved in the slave trade, it developed small but distinct communities of African descent in port towns like Bristol, Liverpool and London. Their total number may have been as high as 15,000 in the 1780s.”
Portuguese sailors reached Senegal in 1435, Cape Bojador in 1443 and Sierra Leone in 1446. In 1450, Pope Nicholas V's bull (letter) empowered Portugal to reduce to perpetual slavery, all Africans from Cape Bajador to Guinea. He quoted verses of Leviticus 25 and Exodus 21, to justify African slavery. Portugal reached Guinea in 1455, by which time, the Portuguese had become as familiar a sight as the Arabs in West Africa, trading along the coast and exchanging envoys with such powerful African monarchs as the Oba of Benin and Emperor of Mali.
By the time Portugal reached the Congo in 1481 CE, their trade in slaves and manufactured goods had expanded so much; they had to build trading forts along the coast. In 1482 CE, Portuguese Captain, Don Diego d' Azambuja, started building their most famous fort, Elimina Castle, in what is now known as Ghana. Because of the huge profits they were making in the country they called it the Gold Coast. In 1488, Bartholomew Diaz sailed to the Cape of Good Hope while another Portuguese was preparing to sail around the Cape of Good Hope.
Portugal's grab of large tracks of Western Songhai coincided with Columbus' 'discovery' of the West Indies in 1492 CE. Christopher Columbus, representing Spain, arrived in the West Indies, the supposed first European explorer to do so. In the same year, Rodrigo Borgis became Pope Alexander VI. The news of Christopher Columbus' 'discovery' was additional bad one for Africa which was experiencing serious political toilmoil at the time. Granada, the last Moorish foothold in Spain had just fallen and the Moorish exiles were returning to Africa unsung.
Strengthened by the 1450 Papal bull, authorizing Portugal to reduce to servitude all infidel people, Portugal quickly laid claim to the 'new' territories of Christopher Columbus and the rest. Spain, of course, promptly denounced Portugal's claim. According to Diop, “but with both countries being Catholic, they turned to the Pope for arbitration, a natural and logical step in an age when the Papacy claimed supremacy over individuals and governments. The Pope issued a series of Papal bulls in 1493, demarcating colonial possessions, with those in the Eastern Hemisphere going to Portugal, and the West going to Spain. The partition still did not satisfy the two parties' aspirations until 1494, when they both reached a compromise in the Treaty of Tordesillas, which rectified the Papal judgment to give Brazil's ownership to Portugal. This treaty signaled the beginning in earnest of modern European brigandage in international relations. In 1498, Vasco da Gama found the sea route to India and arrived in Calicut. In 1499, Amerigo Vespucci charted parts of the South American coast.
When Christopher Columbus first set foot in the supposed 'New World' in 1492, he provided uninformed Europeans with the erroneous myth of themselves as 'discoverers' of already discovered and well established ancient African communities, colonies and trading posts across the Atlantic. Prof. Leo Wiener (Africa and the Discovery of America) explaining the diaries of Christopher Columbus, draws attention to the fact that “Columbus found dark-skinned people in the Caribbean Islands trading with the Indians. Columbus in his diary infers that the people were from the coast of Guinea (West Africa.)”
Wiener says: “…and he (Columbus) wanted to find out what the Indians of Hispaniola had told him, that there had come to it from the south and southeast, Negro people, who brought those spear points made of a metal which they call guanine, of which he had sent to the king and queen for assaying, and which was found to have in thirty-two parts eighteen of gold, six of silver, and eight of copper.”
On Columbus' return from the third voyage to the new land he had reached, he reports the presence of Negroes there. Interesting as this is, even more telling is the account he gives, after the first voyage itself, of having received from the 'Indians,' as it pleased him to call the natives, a present of certain 'guanines.'
From the Literary Digest, May 16, 1925. “Guanine' was the native African name of the time for pebbles or slobs of gold, the form in which it was imported to Europe from the Guinea coast. Quite naturally, Columbus, on being handed these same things in America, pricked up his ears. For be it remembered that Columbus, like all the rovers before him, had as his primary object, not the discovery of land merely, but the discovery of gold, ivory, spices, and articles sellable at a profit at home.
New lands were only a happy incidence to the business. They pleased one's king, lured new investors, and made good advertising. But gold was the thing, and Columbus lost no time in asking his Indians where they kept it. Very troublesome to Columbus their reply must have been, for according to his own report, they told him, "From Black merchants that come to us from the southeast.”
John Henrik Clarke in (What Columbus did not discover) tells us that: “Columbus was informed by some men, when he stopped at one of the Cape Verde Islands off the coast of Africa, that Negroes had been known to set out into the Atlantic from the Guinea coast in canoes loaded with merchandise and steering towards the west. The same Christopher Columbus was further informed by the Indians of Hispaniola when he arrived in the West Indies that they had been able to obtain gold from Black men who had come from across the sea from the south and southeast. The dates of the accounts coincide precisely with the time that Askia the Great held sway over Songhai.”
Clarke also tells us that “American Indian legends abound with accounts of Black men who came to them from far-off lands. Aside from the report that Columbus obtained at Hispaniola, a notable tale is recorded in the Peruvian traditions. They inform us of how Black men coming from the east had been able to penetrate the Andes Mountains. “Furthermore, Indian traditions of Mexico and Central America indicate that Negroes were among the first occupants of that territory. Some Indians there yet claim descent from these same Blacks.”
Harold G. Lawrence (African Explorers of the New World, 1962) tells us: “We can now positively state that the Mandingos of Mali and Songhai Empires, and possibly other Africans, crossed the Atlantic to carry on trade with the Western Hemisphere Indians, and further succeeded in establishing colonies throughout the Americas. During the thirteenth century, Mali, the earlier of these two great empires, building on the ruins of ancient Ghana, rose to become one of the leading nations of the world… Voyages across the Atlantic were resumed, or continued during the reign of Askia.
Basil Davidson (Africans before Columbus, West African Magazine June 7, 1969) says: various writers have pointed from time to time, over the past twenty years and more, to the likely West African origins of the Black explorers who were said to have settled in Honduras.” Peter Martyr, historian of Balboa's expeditions, wrote: “Balboa in 1513, found Negroes in Panama. These were the first Negroes seen in the Indies. Balboa found them at war with the Indians and thought that they had sailed from Ethiopia."
John Henrik Clerks says: “Amerigo Vespucci, on his voyage to the Americas witnessed these same Black men out in the Atlantic returning to Africa. Fifteenth and sixteenth century Spanish explorers and early American art, legends, and burials, provide the principal sources of information on what happened to these African seamen after their arrival in the Americas. In effect, the Spanish conquistadors found dispersed all over the New World, small tribes who were from the very first considered Negroes. The largest Negro colony appears to have been a permanent settlement at Darien where Balboa saw them in 1513."
In Carter G. Woodson (The Africa Background Outlined) we learn that early European explorers on the Isthmus of Darien found caves there with skulls identified as African. Continued
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